Nucleophiles
| Name | Solvent |
Reactivity Parameters |
Classification |
Reference (title or year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[H-B(C6F5)3]- [NEt4]+ ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 10.04 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 14508-14512 10.1002/anie.201507298 |
|
[H-B(2,6-F2C6H3)3]- [NEt4]+ ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 13.97 sN Param.: 0.66 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 14508-14512 10.1002/anie.201507298 |
|
[H-B(2,4,6-F3C6H2)3]- [NEt4]+ ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 14.13 sN Param.: 0.61 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 14508-14512 10.1002/anie.201507298 |
|
Z-3-(trimethylsiloxy)pent-2-ene ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.58 sN Param.: 1.00 |
Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
|
xanthene ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 0.64 sN Param.: 0.97 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 4076-4083 10.1021/ja0121538 |
|
water (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 5.79 sN Param.: 0.72 |
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2018, 91, 523-530 10.1246/bcsj.20170360 |
|
valine (anionic, in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.65 sN Param.: 0.57 |
Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
|
uracil anion (in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.75 sN Param.: 0.53 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
uracil anion (in DMSO) ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 17.04 sN Param.: 0.63 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
tris(4-methylphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 15.44 sN Param.: 0.64 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 16.17 sN Param.: 0.62 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tris(4-methoxyphenyl)methane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -5.18 sN Param.: 0.82 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tris(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 18.39 sN Param.: 0.64 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tris(4-chlorophenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.58 sN Param.: 0.65 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tris(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)methane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -3.30 sN Param.: 0.82 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 8.56 sN Param.: 0.70 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
|
tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 14.26 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
|
tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 18.11 sN Param.: 0.62 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
|
tris(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 15.19 sN Param.: 0.88 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
|
tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl)phosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 14.88 sN Param.: 0.41 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
|
tris((trimethylsilyl)methyl)silane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.59 sN Param.: 0.67 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tris((dimethyl(phenyl)silyl)methyl)silane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.40 sN Param.: 0.66 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tris((butyldimethylsilyl)methyl)silane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.73 sN Param.: 0.68 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tripropylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.67 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
triphenylstannane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.64 sN Param.: 0.59 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
|
triphenylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 2.65 sN Param.: 0.72 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
triphenylphosphine (in THF) ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 13.59 sN Param.: 0.66 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 6915-6919 10.1002/anie.201102435 |
|
triphenylphosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 14.33 sN Param.: 0.65 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
triphenylmethane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -4.27 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
triphenylgermane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.99 sN Param.: 0.62 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
|
triphenyl phosphite ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.51 sN Param.: 0.76 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
trimethylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.15 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethylhydrazine (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 17.75 sN Param.: 0.53 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 1353-1356 10.1002/anie.201107315 |
|
trimethylhydrazine (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.43 sN Param.: 0.75 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 1353-1356 10.1002/anie.201107315 |
|
trimethylamine (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 23.05 sN Param.: 0.45 |
J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g |
|
trimethyl(prenyl)silane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 0.90 sN Param.: 1.17 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
|
trimethyl(phenethyl)stannane ![]() |
1,2-dichloroethane | N Param.: -1.10 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(phenethyl)silane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -3.50 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(4-methylphenethyl)stannane ![]() |
1,2-dichloroethane | N Param.: -0.50 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(3-(trimethylstannyl)propyl)silane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -3.40 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(3-(trimethylstannyl)propyl)germane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -2.40 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(3-(trimethylplumbyl)propyl)silane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -1.20 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(3-(trimethylplumbyl)propyl)germane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -1.00 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl(3-(trimethylgermyl)propyl)silane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -4.80 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trimethyl phosphite (in 91M9AN) ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 9.04 sN Param.: 0.70 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 3869-3874 10.1002/anie.200600542 |
|
triisopropylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 2.93 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
triisopropylphosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 13.37 sN Param.: 0.70 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
trihexylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.89 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trifluoroethanol ![]() |
TFE | N Param.: 1.11 sN Param.: 0.96 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13902-13911 10.1021/ja306522b |
|
trifluoroacetamide anion (in DMSO) ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 15.81 sN Param.: 0.64 |
J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 5250-5258 10.1021/jo1009883 |
|
triethylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.58 sN Param.: 0.70 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13902-13911 10.1021/ja306522b |
|
triethylgermane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 4.00 sN Param.: 0.75 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
triethylamine (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 17.10 sN Param.: 0.52 |
J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2010, 23, 1029-1035 10.1002/poc.1707 |
|
triethylamine (in CH2Cl2) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 17.30 sN Param.: 0.52 |
J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2010, 23, 1029-1035 10.1002/poc.1707 |
|
triethoxysilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -1.80 sN Param.: 0.75 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tricyclohexylphosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 14.64 sN Param.: 0.68 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tributylstannane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 9.96 sN Param.: 0.55 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
|
tributylsilane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.99 sN Param.: 0.73 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tributylgermane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.92 sN Param.: 0.73 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
|
tributyl phosphite ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 10.36 sN Param.: 0.70 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
tri-p-tolylmethane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -8.80 sN Param.: 0.82 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tri-p-tolylmethane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -3.62 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tri-n-butylphosphane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 15.49 sN Param.: 0.69 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 |
|
trans-HMo(CO)2(PPh3)Cp ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.60 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trans-HMo(CO)2(PMe3)Cp ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 7.80 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
trans-HMo(CO)2(PCy3)Cp ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.50 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
toluene ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -4.36 sN Param.: 1.77 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13902-13911 10.1021/ja306522b |
|
thymine anion (in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.17 sN Param.: 0.51 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
thymine anion (in DMSO) ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 17.63 sN Param.: 0.62 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
THTP (3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 14.45 sN Param.: 0.78 |
J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 5104-5112 10.1021/jo200803x |
|
threonine (anionic, in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.69 sN Param.: 0.60 |
Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
|
thiophenolate (in DMSO) ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 23.36 sN Param.: 0.74 |
J. Org. Chem. 2021, 86, 5965-5972 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00025 |
|
thiophene ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -1.01 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
|
thiocyanate (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.13 sN Param.: 0.60 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 14126-14132 10.1021/ja037317u |
|
thiocyanate (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 17.94 sN Param.: 0.60 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 14126-14132 10.1021/ja037317u |
|
thioacetate (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 21.20 sN Param.: 0.63 |
Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j |
|
theophylline anion (in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.06 sN Param.: 0.71 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
theophylline anion (in DMSO) ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 14.78 sN Param.: 0.71 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
|
tetrapropylstannane (in 1,2-DCE) ![]() |
1,2-dichloroethane | N Param.: -0.50 sN Param.: 1.13 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetramisole (TM) (in CH2Cl2) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 13.86 sN Param.: 0.68 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2025, 64, e202514865 10.1002/anie.202514865 |
|
tetramethylethylene ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -1.00 sN Param.: 1.40 |
Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
|
tetrakis(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)borate ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 9.09 sN Param.: 1.12 |
Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 878-882 10.1039/c2sc00883a |
|
tetraisobutylstannane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 1.35 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetrahydrothiopyran (in CH2Cl2) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.94 sN Param.: 0.75 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
|
tetrahydrothiophene (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 13.30 sN Param.: 0.72 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
|
tetrahydrothiophene (in CH2Cl2) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 13.10 sN Param.: 0.72 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
|
tetrahydrofuran (in dichloromethane) ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -3.50 sN Param.: 0.80 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetrahydroborate ion (in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.10 sN Param.: 0.79 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetraethylstannane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -2.40 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetraethylstannane (in 1,2-DCE) ![]() |
1,2-dichloroethane | N Param.: -1.90 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetraethylsilane ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -6.50 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetraethylplumbane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 0.10 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetraethylgermane (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -4.70 sN Param.: 1.10 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetrabutylstannane ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -0.30 sN Param.: 1.07 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tetra-sec.butylstannane (in 1,2-DCE) ![]() |
1,2-dichloroethane | N Param.: -1.10 sN Param.: 1.15 |
Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
|
tert-butylamine (in water) ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.48 sN Param.: 0.65 |
J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
|
tert-butylamine (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.35 sN Param.: 0.72 |
Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 |
|
tert-butyl isocyanide ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.47 sN Param.: 0.77 |
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 3563-3566 10.1002/anie.200605205 |
|
tert-butyl indole-1-carboxylate ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 1.68 sN Param.: 1.26 |
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 6317-6324 10.1021/ja4017655 |
|
tert-butyl hydrazinecarboxylate (in MeCN) ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.40 sN Param.: 0.70 |
J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g |

