Nucleophiles
| Name | Solvent |
Reactivity Parameters |
Classification |
Reference (title or year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5% water/95% HFIP (w/w)![]() ![]() |
water-HFIP mix | N Param.: -0.10 sN Param.: 0.97 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2013, 26, 59-63 10.1002/poc.3064 | |
3% water/97% HFIP (w/w)![]() ![]() |
water-HFIP mix | N Param.: -1.19 sN Param.: 1.08 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2013, 26, 59-63 10.1002/poc.3064 | |
2% water/98% HFIP (w/w)![]() ![]() |
water-HFIP mix | N Param.: -1.62 sN Param.: 1.10 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2013, 26, 59-63 10.1002/poc.3064 | |
1% water/99% HFIP (w/w)![]() ![]() |
water-HFIP mix | N Param.: -1.93 sN Param.: 1.09 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2013, 26, 59-63 10.1002/poc.3064 | |
nicotine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 10.40 sN Param.: 1.04 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
nicotine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.60 sN Param.: 0.81 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
3-methylpyridine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 10.90 sN Param.: 0.93 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
3-methylpyridine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.50 sN Param.: 0.80 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
1-methyl-2-phenylpyrrolidine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 16.80 sN Param.: 0.49 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
1-methyl-2-phenylpyrrolidine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 15.70 sN Param.: 0.54 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
N-vinylcarbazole![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.02 sN Param.: 0.94 | Macromolecules 2002, 35, 5454-5458 10.1021/ma020306l | |
2,4,6-trimethylstyrene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 0.68 sN Param.: 1.09 | Macromolecules 2005, 38, 33-40 10.1021/ma048389o | |
glycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.51 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
alanine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.01 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
valine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.65 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
leucine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 14.01 sN Param.: 0.52 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
phenylalanine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 14.12 sN Param.: 0.53 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
proline (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 18.08 sN Param.: 0.50 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
serine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.16 sN Param.: 0.55 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
threonine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.69 sN Param.: 0.60 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
asparagine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.03 sN Param.: 0.53 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
glutamine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.45 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
arginine (betaine, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.96 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
histidine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.83 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
aspartate (dianionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.81 sN Param.: 0.53 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
glutamate (dianionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.96 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
cysteine (dianionic, in water, S-nucleophile!)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 23.43 sN Param.: 0.42 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
methionine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.16 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
beta-alanine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.26 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
gamma-aminobutyric acid (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.55 sN Param.: 0.56 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
glycylglycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.91 sN Param.: 0.59 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
glycylglycylglycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.26 sN Param.: 0.63 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
anion of (4-NO2-C6H4)CH2SO2Ph (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 18.50 sN Param.: 0.75 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6, 3052-3058 10.1039/b805604h | |
anion of (4-CN-C6H4)CH2SO2Ph (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 22.60 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6, 3052-3058 10.1039/b805604h | |
anion of (4-CF3-C6H4)CH2SO2Ph (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 24.30 sN Param.: 0.51 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2008, 6, 3052-3058 10.1039/b805604h | |
imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.47 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
imidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.58 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
imidazole (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 9.63 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.90 sN Param.: 0.73 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-methyl-imidazole (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 9.91 sN Param.: 0.55 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-phenyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.31 sN Param.: 0.67 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
2-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.74 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
2-methyl-imidazole (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 9.45 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
4-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.79 sN Param.: 0.77 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
2,4-dimethyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.51 sN Param.: 0.84 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-(trimethylsilyl)-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.43 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 10.50 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-methyl-benzimidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 10.37 sN Param.: 0.82 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
2-methyl-benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 10.02 sN Param.: 0.85 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
5-methyl-benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 10.69 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
2,5-dimethyl-benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 10.21 sN Param.: 0.85 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.08 sN Param.: 0.71 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
5-methoxy-benzimidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.00 sN Param.: 0.71 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
benzotriazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.69 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1-methyl-benzotriazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.77 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
thioacetate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 21.20 sN Param.: 0.63 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 19.30 sN Param.: 0.69 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 18.27 sN Param.: 0.78 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
N,N-dimethyl dithiocarbamate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 20.93 sN Param.: 0.69 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
pyrrolidin-1-yl dithiocarbamate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 22.40 sN Param.: 0.63 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
piperidin-1-yl dithiocarbamate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 23.84 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
4-methylpiperazin-1-yl dithiocarbamate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 23.61 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
morpholin-1-yl dithiocarbamate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 21.72 sN Param.: 0.64 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 8046-8050 10.1039/c1ob06245j | |
cyanoborate ion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 9.99 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2023, 21, 85-88 10.1039/D2OB02041F | |
cysteine (dianionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 23.43 sN Param.: 0.42 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
NADPH (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.68 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2023, 21, 85-88 10.1039/D2OB02041F | |
NADH (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.37 sN Param.: 0.54 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2023, 21, 85-88 10.1039/D2OB02041F | |
allyltris(trimethylsilyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 1.95 sN Param.: 0.98 | Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5206-5209 10.1021/ol102220e | |
(2-methylallyl)tris(trimethylsilyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 4.63 sN Param.: 0.87 | Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5206-5209 10.1021/ol102220e | |
2-(tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxy)propene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.04 sN Param.: 0.82 | Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5206-5209 10.1021/ol102220e | |
1-(tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxy)cyclohexene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.07 sN Param.: 0.91 | Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5206-5209 10.1021/ol102220e | |
(tris(trimethylsilyl)siloxy)ethene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 4.01 sN Param.: 0.83 | Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5206-5209 10.1021/ol102220e | |
2-Me super-dmap (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 16.65 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 530-533 10.1021/ol1029589 | |
2-Et super-dmap (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 16.81 sN Param.: 0.60 | Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 530-533 10.1021/ol1029589 | |
2-Bn super-dmap (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 17.69 sN Param.: 0.57 | Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 530-533 10.1021/ol1029589 | |
2-Ac super-dmap (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 15.39 sN Param.: 0.60 | Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 530-533 10.1021/ol1029589 | |
2-Bz super-dmap (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 14.19 sN Param.: 0.67 | Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 530-533 10.1021/ol1029589 | |
dipp Imd boronate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 9.55 sN Param.: 0.81 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 82-85 10.1021/ol202836p | |
Me2 Imd boronate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.88 sN Param.: 0.71 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 82-85 10.1021/ol202836p | |
1-(perfluorophenyl)-1-(trimethylsiloxy)ethene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 1.47 sN Param.: 0.89 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 3990-3993 10.1021/ol301766w | |
3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trimethylsiloxy)propene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -2.94 sN Param.: 1.11 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 3990-3993 10.1021/ol301766w | |
(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-undecafluoro)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)hept-1-ene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -3.52 sN Param.: 1.17 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 3990-3993 10.1021/ol301766w | |
lithium 2-benzyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 8.92 sN Param.: 0.70 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-phenyl-2-(1-phenylethyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 10.97 sN Param.: 0.63 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-benzyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.15 sN Param.: 0.77 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1-phenylethyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 8.56 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(1-phenylethyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.46 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-benzyl-2-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 6.30 sN Param.: 0.78 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-isopropyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 6.63 sN Param.: 0.75 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-cyclopropyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.72 sN Param.: 0.75 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 2-ethyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.68 sN Param.: 0.78 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
lithium 5,5-dimethyl-2-(1-phenylethyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.29 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
3-mesityl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-ide (in THF)![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 21.50 sN Param.: 0.45 | Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 3566-3569 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
3-(tert-butyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-ide (in THF)![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 16.54 sN Param.: 0.47 | Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 3566-3569 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-ide (in THF)![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 20.41 sN Param.: 0.46 | Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 3566-3569 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
3-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-ide (in THF)![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 23.00 sN Param.: 0.46 | Org. Lett. 2016, 18, 3566-3569 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
hypochlorite (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 14.50 sN Param.: 0.58 | Org. Lett. 2018, 20, 2816-2820 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
hypobromite (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 16.69 sN Param.: 0.46 | Org. Lett. 2018, 20, 2816-2820 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
bromite (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.75 sN Param.: 0.59 | Org. Lett. 2018, 20, 2816-2820 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
peroxomonosulfate (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 14.41 sN Param.: 0.60 | Org. Lett. 2018, 20, 2816-2820 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] |





































































































