Nucleophiles
Name | Solvent |
Reactivity Parameters |
Classification |
Reference (title or year) |
---|---|---|---|---|
guanine anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.63 sN Param.: 0.59 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 |
glycylglycylglycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.26 sN Param.: 0.63 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
glycylglycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.91 sN Param.: 0.59 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
glycinenitrile (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 10.80 sN Param.: 0.61 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
glycineamide (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.29 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
glycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.51 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
glutathione GSH(NH3+/S-)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 20.97 sN Param.: 0.56 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 17704-17708 10.1002/anie.201909803 |
glutamine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.45 sN Param.: 0.54 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
glutamate (dianionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.96 sN Param.: 0.54 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
gamma-aminobutyric acid (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.55 sN Param.: 0.56 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
furan![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 1.33 sN Param.: 1.29 | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 13902-13911 10.1021/ja306522b |
formohydrazide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 10.35 sN Param.: 0.76 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g |
fluorobis(phenylsulfonyl)methanide (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 17.46 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 12845-12848 10.1002/anie.201605616 |
fluoride (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 7.70 sN Param.: 0.66 | ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in MeOH)![]() ![]() |
MeOH | N Param.: 11.31 sN Param.: 0.63 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 98% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 10.88 sN Param.: 0.83 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 90% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.27 sN Param.: 0.59 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 80% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 11.40 sN Param.: 0.59 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 80% aq EtOH)![]() ![]() |
water-EtOH mix | N Param.: 13.20 sN Param.: 0.53 | ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 60% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 9.75 sN Param.: 0.63 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
fluoride (in 10 % aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 8.05 sN Param.: 0.64 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z |
ethylenediamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.28 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
ethyldimethylsilane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.30 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
ethylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.87 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
ethyl-vinylether![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.92 sN Param.: 0.90 | ![]() | Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
ethyl N-acetylcarbamate anion (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 15.99 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 5250-5258 10.1021/jo1009883 |
ethyl glycinate (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 14.30 sN Param.: 0.67 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 286-295 10.1021/ja021010y |
ethyl diazoacetate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 4.91 sN Param.: 0.95 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 4068-4076 10.1002/chem.200304913 |
ethyl (E)-3-(N-morpholino)acrylate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 8.52 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 |
ethyl (E)-3-(dimethylamino)acrylate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 9.43 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 |
ethanolate (in ethanol)![]() ![]() |
EtOH | N Param.: 15.78 sN Param.: 0.65 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Can. J. Chem. 2005, 83, 1554-1560 10.1139%2Fv05-170 |
ethanolate (in 91E9AN)![]() ![]() |
EtOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 16.08 sN Param.: 0.62 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Can. J. Chem. 2005, 83, 1554-1560 10.1139%2Fv05-170 |
ethanolamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.61 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
ethanolamine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 14.11 sN Param.: 0.71 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 |
ethanolamine (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 16.07 sN Param.: 0.61 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11392-11401 10.1021/ja903207b |
ethanolamine (in 91M9AN)![]() ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 13.23 sN Param.: 0.65 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 3869-3874 10.1002/anie.200600542 |
ethanol (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 7.13 sN Param.: 0.71 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 2018, 91, 523-530 10.1246/bcsj.20170360 |
ethanol![]() ![]() |
EtOH | N Param.: 7.44 sN Param.: 0.90 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 5174-5181 10.1021/ja031828z |
enolate of 3-isochromanone (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 25.39 sN Param.: 0.54 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2024, 89, 6915-6928 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00277 |
enolate of 2-coumaranone (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 19.60 sN Param.: 0.75 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2024, 89, 6915-6928 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00277 |
DMSO (O attack)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.30 sN Param.: 0.74 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11392-11401 10.1021/ja903207b |
ditert-butyl-phenylphosphane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.40 sN Param.: 0.55 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 |
dipropylamine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 14.51 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 |
dipp Imd boronate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 9.55 sN Param.: 0.81 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 82-85 10.1021/ol202836p |
diphenylsilane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 1.52 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
diphenyldiazomethane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.29 sN Param.: 0.92 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 4068-4076 10.1002/chem.200304913 |
dimethylsulfide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.70 sN Param.: 0.72 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
dimethylsulfide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.32 sN Param.: 0.72 | ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
dimethylselenide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.60 sN Param.: 0.72 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
dimethylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 17.12 sN Param.: 0.50 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
dimethylamine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 17.96 sN Param.: 0.63 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g |
dimethyl(propoxy)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 2.40 sN Param.: 0.75 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl(phenyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.55 sN Param.: 0.75 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl(p-tolyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.83 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl(neopentyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.55 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl((trimethylstannyl)methyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.53 sN Param.: 0.58 | ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl((trimethylgermyl)methyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.36 sN Param.: 0.62 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dimethyl diazomalonate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -1.24 sN Param.: 0.81 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2023, 145, 7416-7434 10.1021/jacs.2c13872 |
Dimethyl bis(indenyl)zirconium(IV)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.89 sN Param.: 1.00 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2016, 22, 11196-11200 10.1002/chem.201602452 |
Dimethyl 1,1'-isopropylidenezirconocene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 5.20 sN Param.: 1.00 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2016, 22, 11196-11200 10.1002/chem.201602452 |
dimethoxymethane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -4.90 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
Dimedone iodonium ylide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 6.18 sN Param.: 0.81 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 10304-10313 10.1021/jacs.6b05768 |
dihexylsilane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 2.27 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
diethylmercury (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: -0.70 sN Param.: 1.10 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
diethylether (in dichloromethane)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -5.10 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
diethylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 14.68 sN Param.: 0.53 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
diethylamine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 15.10 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 |
diethyl(methyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.40 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
diethyl diazomalonate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -0.35 sN Param.: 0.93 | ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 4068-4076 10.1002/chem.200304913 |
diethanolamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 13.00 sN Param.: 0.61 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z |
diethanolamine (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 15.51 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11392-11401 10.1021/ja903207b |
diethanolamine (in 91M9AN)![]() ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 13.71 sN Param.: 0.67 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 3869-3874 10.1002/anie.200600542 |
dichloro(methyl)silane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -3.20 sN Param.: 0.73 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
dibutylsulfide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.86 sN Param.: 0.74 | ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 |
diazomethane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 10.48 sN Param.: 0.78 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 4068-4076 10.1002/chem.200304913 |
diazocyclopentadiene (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 4.84 sN Param.: 1.06 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Synthesis 2023, 55, 354-358 10.1055/s-0041-1737327 |
diazoacetone![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 3.96 sN Param.: 0.91 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 4068-4076 10.1002/chem.200304913 |
diacetamide anion (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 16.05 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 5250-5258 10.1021/jo1009883 |
di(methoxyethyl)amine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 13.24 sN Param.: 0.93 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 |
DHPB (3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 13.86 sN Param.: 0.78 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 5104-5112 10.1021/jo200803x |
Dexoxy Breslow intermediate 6![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 15.58 sN Param.: 0.57 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 10408-10412 10.1002/anie.201204524 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2c'![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 12.75 sN Param.: 0.71 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2b'![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 11.42 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2b![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 13.91 sN Param.: 0.64 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2a'![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 14.45 sN Param.: 0.71 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2a![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 17.12 sN Param.: 0.80 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2a![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 17.41 sN Param.: 0.74 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 |
DBU (in THF)![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 16.12 sN Param.: 0.67 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 6915-6919 10.1002/anie.201102435 |
DBU (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 15.29 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Commun. 2008, , 1792-1794 10.1039/b801811a |
DBN (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 16.28 sN Param.: 0.67 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Chem. Commun. 2008, , 1792-1794 10.1039/b801811a |
DBN (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 15.50 sN Param.: 0.76 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | ChemCatChem 2012, 4, 993-999 10.1002/cctc.201200143 |
Danishefskys diene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 8.57 sN Param.: 0.84 | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y |
DABCO (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 18.80 sN Param.: 0.70 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 6176-6179 10.1002/anie.200701489 |
cysteine (dianionic, in water, S-nucleophile!)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 23.43 sN Param.: 0.42 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h |
cyclopentene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -1.55 sN Param.: 1.10 | ![]() | Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
cyclopentadiene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 2.30 sN Param.: 1.06 | ![]() ![]() ![]() | Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
cycloocta-1,3-diene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: -0.50 sN Param.: 1.10 | ![]() | Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
cyclohexa-1,3-diene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 0.67 sN Param.: 1.10 | ![]() | Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 66-77 10.1021/ar020094c |
cycloheptatriene (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 0.55 sN Param.: 0.97 | ![]() | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 |
cycloheptatriene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 0.52 sN Param.: 0.97 | ![]() | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 4076-4083 10.1021/ja0121538 |