Nucleophiles
| Name | Solvent |
Reactivity Parameters |
Classification |
Reference (title or year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
2,2,2-trifluoroethanolate (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.66 sN Param.: 0.59 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 286-295 10.1021/ja021010y | |
aniline (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.64 sN Param.: 0.68 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
ethanolamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.61 sN Param.: 0.58 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
dimethylselenide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.60 sN Param.: 0.72 | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 | |
tris(4-chlorophenyl)phosphane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.58 sN Param.: 0.65 | Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 11, 917-927 10.1002/chem.200400696 | |
5-(trimethylsiloxy)-2,3-dihydrofuran![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.56 sN Param.: 0.70 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y | |
(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)(1,1,1-tris(methoxy)ethane)borate![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.55 sN Param.: 0.92 | Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 878-882 10.1039/c2sc00883a | |
1-(1-cyclohexenyl)-4-methylpiperazine![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.51 sN Param.: 0.80 | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 | |
anion of phenylnitromethane (in 91M9AN)![]() ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.51 sN Param.: 0.67 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2006, , 2530-2537 10.1002/ejoc.200500769 | |
acetate (in 80A20W)![]() ![]() |
aq acetone | N Param.: 12.50 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 3012-3022 10.1021/ja0765464 | |
benzohydrazide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.49 sN Param.: 0.66 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g | |
2-pyridone anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.47 sN Param.: 0.52 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 15380-15389 10.1021/ja106962u | |
1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-imine![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.46 sN Param.: 0.87 | ChemCatChem 2012, 4, 993-999 10.1002/cctc.201200143 | |
borane-DMAP-complex![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.44 sN Param.: 0.76 | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 | |
trimethylhydrazine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.43 sN Param.: 0.75 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 1353-1356 10.1002/anie.201107315 | |
ditert-butyl-phenylphosphane![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.40 sN Param.: 0.55 | Chem. Eur. J. 2017, 23, 7422-7427 10.1002/chem.201701080 | |
4-pyrrolidinopyridine (in H2O)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.39 sN Param.: 0.66 | Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 13, 336-345 10.1002/chem.200600941 | |
tert-butylamine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.35 sN Param.: 0.72 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2009, , 6379-6385 10.1002/ejoc.200900925 | |
anion of 5-(p-anisyl) Meldrum's acid (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 12.35 sN Param.: 0.90 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2016, , 1841-1848 10.1002/ejoc.201600107 | |
5-(trimethylsiloxy)-2,3-dihydrofuran (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.34 sN Param.: 0.72 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 6579-6587 10.1021/ja401106x | |
dimethylsulfide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.32 sN Param.: 0.72 | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 | |
2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.31 sN Param.: 0.77 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, , 3369-3377 10.1002/ejoc.201300213 | |
propargylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.29 sN Param.: 0.59 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
glycineamide (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.29 sN Param.: 0.58 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
Ph3P=CH-CN![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.29 sN Param.: 0.75 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 704-714 10.1021/ja8056216 | |
fluoride (in 90% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.27 sN Param.: 0.59 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z | |
(Z)-1-(N-morpholino)propene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.26 sN Param.: 0.80 | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 | |
glycylglycylglycine (anionic, in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.26 sN Param.: 0.63 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 3814-3820 10.1039/b713778h | |
(E)-1-styrylpyrrolidine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.26 sN Param.: 0.93 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14263-14269 10.1021/ja508065e | |
hydroxylamine (in 91M9AN)![]() ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.23 sN Param.: 0.66 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 3869-3874 10.1002/anie.200600542 | |
Ph3P=CH-CO2Et (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 12.21 sN Param.: 0.62 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 704-714 10.1021/ja8056216 | |
bromide (in 20% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.20 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
anion of 2-nitropropane (in 91M9AN)![]() ![]() |
MeOH-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.20 sN Param.: 0.71 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2006, , 2530-2537 10.1002/ejoc.200500769 | |
4-aminopyridine (in H2O)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.19 sN Param.: 0.66 | Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 13, 336-345 10.1002/chem.200600941 | |
2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 12.15 sN Param.: 0.65 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 286-295 10.1021/ja021010y | |
thiocyanate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.13 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 14126-14132 10.1021/ja037317u | |
tetrahydroborate ion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.10 sN Param.: 0.79 | Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 249-263 10.1002/chem.201202839 | |
guanosine anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.09 sN Param.: 0.52 | Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 | |
methyl glycinate (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.08 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
(E)-1-(N-morpholino)propene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.06 sN Param.: 0.80 | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 | |
anion of Meldrum's acid (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.06 sN Param.: 0.66 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12980-12986 10.1021/ja036838e | |
anion of nitromethane (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.06 sN Param.: 0.53 | J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 7565-7576 10.1021/jo048773j | |
anion of phenylnitromethane (in H2O)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.05 sN Param.: 0.53 | J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 7565-7576 10.1021/jo048773j | |
1-methyl-4-(N-morpholino)tetrahydropyridine![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 12.03 sN Param.: 0.80 | Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 2209-2218 10.1002/chem.200204666 | |
(S)-2-(diphenyl((trimethylsilyl)oxy)methyl)pyrrolidine![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 12.03 sN Param.: 0.98 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 1526-1547 10.1021/jacs.9b11877 | |
2,2-dimethyl-5-(4-nitrobenzyl)-4,6-dioxo-1,3-dioxan-5-ide (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 12.02 sN Param.: 1.17 | Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 11069-11077 10.1002/chem.201403161 | |
chloride (in 50% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.00 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
chloride (in 60% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 12.00 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
isopropylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 12.00 sN Param.: 0.56 | J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 3679-3688 10.1021/jo062586z | |
(E)-1-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylvinyl)pyrrolidine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.99 sN Param.: 0.84 | Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 5901-5910 10.1002/chem.201705962 | |
(4-Br-C6H4)-(CO)-CH=SMe2![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.95 sN Param.: 0.76 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 5034-5037 10.1002/anie.200900933 | |
tetrahydrothiopyran (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.94 sN Param.: 0.75 | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 | |
1-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.90 sN Param.: 0.73 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
Me2 Imd boronate![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.88 sN Param.: 0.71 | Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 82-85 10.1021/ol202836p | |
dibutylsulfide (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.86 sN Param.: 0.74 | Chem. Eur. J. 2021, 21, 11367-11376 10.1002/chem.202100977 | |
lithium (5-methylthiophen-2-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)neopentylglycolborate![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.85 sN Param.: 0.72 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 2780-2783 10.1002/anie.201410562 | |
chloride (in 50% aq EtOH)![]() ![]() |
water-EtOH mix | N Param.: 11.80 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
4-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.79 sN Param.: 0.77 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
anion of dimedone (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.77 sN Param.: 0.63 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12980-12986 10.1021/ja036838e | |
(E)-1-styryl-2-(triphenylsilyl)pyrrolidine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.77 sN Param.: 0.98 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14263-14269 10.1021/ja508065e | |
2-methyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.74 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
1,1-dimethylhydrazine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.72 sN Param.: 0.73 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 1353-1356 10.1002/anie.201107315 | |
bromide (in H2O)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.70 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
bromide (in CF3CH2OH)![]() ![]() |
TFE | N Param.: 11.70 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
4-chloropyridine (in CH2Cl2)![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.70 sN Param.: 0.67 | Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 13, 336-345 10.1002/chem.200600941 | |
(E)-1-(1,2-diphenylvinyl)pyrrolidine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.66 sN Param.: 0.82 | Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 5901-5910 10.1002/chem.201705962 | |
(E)-4-styrylmorpholine![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.66 sN Param.: 0.83 | Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 5901-5910 10.1002/chem.201705962 | |
3-ethyl-2,4-dimethylpyrrole![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.63 sN Param.: 0.95 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2008, , 2369-2374 10.1002/ejoc.200800092 | |
guanine anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.63 sN Param.: 0.59 | Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 | |
4-methyl-quinoline alias lepidine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.60 sN Param.: 0.62 | J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 7157-7164 10.1021/jo901670w | |
nicotine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.60 sN Param.: 0.81 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
alpha-(N-piperidino)styrene (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.60 sN Param.: 0.80 | Chem. Eur. J. 2018, 24, 5901-5910 10.1002/chem.201705962 | |
imidazole (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.58 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
anion of 5-phenyl Meldrum's acid (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.54 sN Param.: 0.95 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2016, , 1841-1848 10.1002/ejoc.201600107 | |
NaBH3(CN) (in DMSO)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.52 sN Param.: 0.67 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1958-1961 10.1002/anie.200804263 | |
benzotriazole anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.52 sN Param.: 0.67 | Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 | |
2,4-dimethyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.51 sN Param.: 0.84 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
4-methyl-5-(trimethylsiloxy)-2,3-dihydrofuran![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.50 sN Param.: 0.91 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2004, , 2791-2796 10.1002/ejoc.200400134 | |
3-methylpyridine (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.50 sN Param.: 0.80 | J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2016, 29, 759-767 10.1002/poc.3580 | |
imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.47 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
4-methoxypyridine (in H2O)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.44 sN Param.: 0.68 | Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 13, 336-345 10.1002/chem.200600941 | |
1-(trimethylsilyl)-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.43 sN Param.: 0.79 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
Desoxy Breslow intermediate 2b'![]() ![]() |
THF | N Param.: 11.42 sN Param.: 0.70 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 6231-6235 10.1002/anie.201202327 | |
hydroxylamine (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.41 sN Param.: 0.55 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 286-295 10.1021/ja021010y | |
1-(N-morpholino)cyclohexene![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.40 sN Param.: 0.83 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 9500-9512 10.1021/ja010890y | |
fluoride (in 80% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 11.40 sN Param.: 0.59 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z | |
tert-butyl hydrazinecarboxylate (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.40 sN Param.: 0.70 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g | |
ammonia (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.39 sN Param.: 0.69 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 8142-8155 10.1021/jo301497g | |
4-nitro-imidazole anion (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.37 sN Param.: 0.53 | Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 127-137 10.1002/chem.201102411 | |
N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotineamide (in 90W10AN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 11.35 sN Param.: 0.66 | Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1958-1961 10.1002/anie.200804263 | |
2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidine![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.34 sN Param.: 0.73 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 1526-1547 10.1021/jacs.9b11877 | |
chloride (in 20% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 11.31 sN Param.: 0.58 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
1-phenyl-imidazole (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.31 sN Param.: 0.67 | Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010, 8, 1929-1935 10.1039/c000965b | |
fluoride (in MeOH)![]() ![]() |
MeOH | N Param.: 11.31 sN Param.: 0.63 | J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 3325-3335 10.1021/jo300141z | |
chloride (in 40% aq MeCN)![]() ![]() |
water-MeCN mix | N Param.: 11.30 sN Param.: 0.60 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 2641-2649 10.1021/ja045562n | |
DMSO (O attack)![]() ![]() |
DMSO | N Param.: 11.30 sN Param.: 0.74 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 11392-11401 10.1021/ja903207b | |
benzoate (in 90AN10W)![]() ![]() |
aq MeCN | N Param.: 11.30 sN Param.: 0.72 | J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 3012-3022 10.1021/ja0765464 | |
lithium 5,5-dimethyl-2-(1-phenylethyl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-uide (in MeCN)![]() ![]() |
MeCN | N Param.: 11.29 sN Param.: 0.76 | Org. Lett. 2015, 17, 2614-2617 10.1021/acs.orglett.[...] | |
5-(triphenylsiloxy)-2,3-dihydrofuran![]() ![]() |
dichloromethane | N Param.: 11.28 sN Param.: 0.91 | Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2005, , 1760-1764 10.1002/ejoc.200400706 | |
anion of nitroethane (in water)![]() ![]() |
water | N Param.: 11.25 sN Param.: 0.52 | J. Org. Chem. 2004, 69, 7565-7576 10.1021/jo048773j |





































































































